diff --git a/src/node_zlib.cc b/src/node_zlib.cc
index 1adbb7dda373f3..0459593162b942 100644
--- a/src/node_zlib.cc
+++ b/src/node_zlib.cc
@@ -1683,8 +1683,16 @@ static uint32_t FastCRC32(v8::Local<v8::Value> receiver,
                           uint32_t value,
                           // NOLINTNEXTLINE(runtime/references)
                           v8::FastApiCallbackOptions& options) {
-  TRACK_V8_FAST_API_CALL("zlib.crc32");
   v8::HandleScope handle_scope(options.isolate);
+  if (!data->IsArrayBufferView() && !data->IsString()) {
+    TRACK_V8_FAST_API_CALL("zlib.crc32.error");
+    THROW_ERR_INVALID_ARG_TYPE(
+        options.isolate,
+        "The \"data\" argument must be of type string or an instance of "
+        "Buffer, TypedArray, or DataView.");
+    return 0;
+  }
+  TRACK_V8_FAST_API_CALL("zlib.crc32");
   return CRC32Impl(options.isolate, data, value);
 }
 
diff --git a/test/sequential/test-zlib-crc32-fast-api.js b/test/sequential/test-zlib-crc32-fast-api.js
index 37d5682a7eadfd..9b31a589f0bc49 100644
--- a/test/sequential/test-zlib-crc32-fast-api.js
+++ b/test/sequential/test-zlib-crc32-fast-api.js
@@ -18,9 +18,21 @@ const zlib = require('zlib');
   testFastPath();
   testFastPath();
 
+  // Test that invalid input types throw after optimization
+  assert.throws(() => zlib.crc32(123), {
+    code: 'ERR_INVALID_ARG_TYPE',
+  });
+  assert.throws(() => zlib.crc32(null), {
+    code: 'ERR_INVALID_ARG_TYPE',
+  });
+  assert.throws(() => zlib.crc32({}), {
+    code: 'ERR_INVALID_ARG_TYPE',
+  });
+
   if (common.isDebug) {
     const { internalBinding } = require('internal/test/binding');
     const { getV8FastApiCallCount } = internalBinding('debug');
     assert.strictEqual(getV8FastApiCallCount('zlib.crc32'), 2);
+    assert.strictEqual(getV8FastApiCallCount('zlib.crc32.error'), 3);
   }
 }