diff --git a/native/spark-expr/src/bloom_filter/spark_bloom_filter.rs b/native/spark-expr/src/bloom_filter/spark_bloom_filter.rs
index e84257ea67..656171c947 100644
--- a/native/spark-expr/src/bloom_filter/spark_bloom_filter.rs
+++ b/native/spark-expr/src/bloom_filter/spark_bloom_filter.rs
@@ -159,12 +159,35 @@ impl SparkBloomFilter {
         self.bits.to_bytes()
     }
 
+    /// Extracts bits data from Spark's full serialization format.
+    /// Spark's format includes a 12-byte header (version + num_hash_functions + num_words)
+    /// followed by the bits data. This function extracts just the bits data.
+    fn extract_bits_from_spark_format(&self, buf: &[u8]) -> &[u8] {
+        const SPARK_HEADER_SIZE: usize = 12; // version (4) + num_hash_functions (4) + num_words (4)
+        
+        // Check if this is Spark's full serialization format
+        let expected_bits_size = self.bits.byte_size();
+        if buf.len() == SPARK_HEADER_SIZE + expected_bits_size {
+            // This is Spark's full format, extract bits data (skip header)
+            &buf[SPARK_HEADER_SIZE..]
+        } else {
+            // This is already just bits data (Comet format)
+            buf
+        }
+    }
+
     pub fn merge_filter(&mut self, other: &[u8]) {
+        // Extract bits data if other is in Spark's full serialization format
+        let bits_data = self.extract_bits_from_spark_format(other);
+        
         assert_eq!(
-            other.len(),
+            bits_data.len(),
+            self.bits.byte_size(),
+            "Cannot merge SparkBloomFilters with different lengths. Expected {} bytes, got {} bytes (full buffer size: {} bytes)",
             self.bits.byte_size(),
-            "Cannot merge SparkBloomFilters with different lengths."
+            bits_data.len(),
+            other.len()
         );
-        self.bits.merge_bits(other);
+        self.bits.merge_bits(bits_data);
     }
 }